Guatemalan History free essay sample

Analyzes improvement of legislative issues financial aspects, concentrating on 1954 oust of Arbenz Guzman, job of CIA United Fruit Company, insurgency, strategy of regulation. During the 1980s, Guatemala was a miserable piece player on the phase of U.S. strategy in Central America. While the Reagan Administration was effectively occupied with help of the legislature of El Salvador, and effectively instigating restriction to the Sandinista administration of Nicaragua, the open picture of progressive Guatemalan systems was awful to the point that that the Reagan Administration had to separate itself from occasions there. Insurrection and counterinsurgency along these lines went on in Guatemala, just approximately connected to occasions somewhere else in Central America, and Guatemala made the news in the United States just irregularly, and as a rule in the quick wake of reports of mass constraint and across the board butcher there. Three decades sooner, be that as it may, Guatemala involved the focal point of the audience neglected War. The ascent of a radical government there

How to Write an Essay For a Scholarship

How to Write an Essay For a ScholarshipYou can apply for free scholarships but the first thing you need to know how to write an essay for a scholarship. It is actually very easy to make your scholarship essay stand out in your submitted application package and you will surely be able to meet with scholarships that will help you pay your school tuition fee.The key to writing a scholarship essay is to bring out all of the benefits of the scholarship. There are many scholarship writers who completely ignore this point and end up with something that is not at all related to the topic at hand. You need to know how to write an essay for a scholarship because this is what makes your scholarship essay unique from the rest.Scholarship writers should concentrate on the benefits of the scholarship and not on the cost of the scholarship. Write about the benefits so that the reader will be able to relate to your essay on merit and not just because you got the scholarship.The secret of how to writ e an essay for a scholarship is to show how the scholarship is going to benefit you in the long run. If you write about the benefits of the scholarship, the reader will be able to see how well you are going to be able to tackle your school work once you get the scholarship.A scholarship writer should not ever make his or her scholarship essay sound like a sales pitch. Your scholarship essay is to tell the reader how you are going to be benefited by applying for the scholarship.How to write an essay for a scholarship is just as important as how to write a resume. You cannot just take any scholarship that comes your way and be successful.This is why it is a must for you to get expert assistance when it comes to writing your scholarship essay. If you have never had help with your essay before, you should consider taking advantage of the services of a scholarship writer or else you will not be able to make your scholarship essay come to life.Remember, writing a free scholarship essay re quires an expert and you need to use them if you want to be able to succeed. A scholarship writer can really help you to succeed because they will not only be able to write your scholarship essay for you but also provide guidance in how to write an essay for a scholarship.

The Professional Studies 2 Task Research excercise Essay

The Professional Studies 2 Task Research excercise - Essay Example Michael Gurian, creator of The Minds of Boys. Sparing Our Sons from Falling Behind in School and Life, and author of the Gurian Institute has closed, following 20 years of research (Gurian 2005, p. 9), that there is an emergency that numerous young men involvement with our instructive culture today (Gurian 2005, p..9). Gurian's logical research shows that young men adapt uniquely in contrast to young ladies in five critical manners. They learn through tangible material encounters, by joining figuring out how to physical development, by lumping or assaulting each undertaking in turn, by arranging data into gatherings, records or sub-gatherings, and by practicing their need to genuinely move between assignments (Gurian 2005, p. 48). I plan to address one of the sexual orientation based contrasts through an activity inquire about proposition which poses the inquiry: Can Art be viably consolidated into cross-curricular establishment subjects as laid out by the National Strategy, to expan d oral correspondence and education abilities in young men. Gurian's examination shows that young ladies have, when all is said in done, more grounded neural connectors in their transient projections than young men do; these more grounded connectors seem to encourage all the more sensorially nitty gritty memory stockpiling and better tuning in, particularly for manners of speaking. Young men by and large get less of what is aurally going on around them, particularly when it is said in words, and need more tangible material experience than young ladies all together for their cerebrums to illuminate with learning. (Gurian 2005, p.48). Young men ought to be offered the choice of imparting through craftsmanship and oral correspondence first. When they have detailed their contemplations, through craftsmanship and talk, they can submit their very much figured plans to paper. For young men, human expressions give a vehicle to making meaning noticeable, permitting them to see the story as it unfurls. Through human expressions, young men can communica te and investigate feeling in a protected setting. Both of these variables have been found to expand young men's understanding and delight in the writings they read. (Ontario Education 2004, p.22). We aren't requesting that young men supplant composing aptitudes with oral and visual correspondence. We see them battle with figuring theoretical idea. Since all intuition moves from cement to the theoretical, from the noticeable to the imperceptible, we're permitting our young men a more kid well disposed method for writing things down. I pick activity look into as the favored technique for achieving data since its strategies are undeniably fit to homeroom examination and it considers proceeded Activity Research 3 proficient turn of events, all through the exploration time frame, yet additionally in a constant way from there on. Cohen and Manion depict it as an on-the-spot method intended to manage a solid issue situated in a prompt circumstance. This implies preferably, the bit by bit process is continually observed over differing timeframes and by an assortment of components (polls, journals, meetings and contextual analyses, for instance) with the goal that the resulting criticism might be converted into alterations, modifications, directional changes, redefinitions, as vital, in order to achieve enduring advantage to the progressing procedure itself instead of to some future event (Cohen and Manion 1994, p.

Applied Criminology, Prison Act of 1877 Research Assignment - 2750 Words

Applied Criminology, Prison Act of 1877 Research Assignment (Other (Not Listed) Sample) Content: Applied CriminologyInstitutionNameTutorDateApplied CriminologyPrisons are determined by the standards and rules that are set to govern the behavior of the prisoners. These rules and regulation set enables the prisoners to acquire the desired discipline within the prison, which in turn give the prison officials some of authority, which they exercise and acquire hierarchies which they use to enforce some standards that are required within the walls of the prison CITATION Bro03 \l 1033 (Brown, 2003). The discipline within the prisons have been a continued struggle of policy making by several levels of prisons but which have been influenced greatly by the opinions of the media, the public and the politicians as well as through various events that occur within the prisons.Prison Act of 1877 CITATION Eur77 \l 1033 (European Legislation Identifier, 1877) was enacted by the parliament of Ireland and the United Kingdom of Great Britain which wanted to change the various ways in which the prisons that were in the British operated. Though fully realized in 1877, some of the changes had started cropping up as early as 1850s. A few years later in 1865, great concerns had started coming up concerning how the prisons system that were in Britain were incoherent and uncoordinated. So much goals had been put by the authorities at the local settings, which tried to verify to what degree the prison systems were.In 1850, Directors of Convict Prisons as well Prisons Inspectorate were created CITATION Ano111 \l 1033 (Anonymous, 2011). These represented the genesis of the centralization of the prison services. In the same year, a special committee dealing with prison discipline was formed under the leadership of Sir. Gray George. The committee was found to be important for it examined the merits that were relative to the so called silent and separate systems, but it did not go without extreme arguments which had lasted for thirty years. However, the committee found out that some of the local prisons had not yet been satisfied and it seemed that they did not want to either reform or separate itself. In 1852, the prison systems tried to come up with ways to manage the long-sentence inmates in the England prisons after the transportation of prisoners to Tasmania was ended completely by cooperation of Western Australia, which had agreed to be taking the convicts CITATION Hir08 \l 1033 (Hirschel, Wakefield, Sasse, 2008). This resulted in shifting from reformation to the alternative draconian system.In 1865, legislations had hiked central controls to which prisons were operated even though at the same time, the local authorities had a very wide variety of practices. As a result the parliament, in 1877, took the boldest leap enacting long standing suggestion or proposal to bring the operations of the prisons to be managed by the central government of the Britain. In that proposal, the Home Secretary office found itself given great powers were over t he newly formed structure, in which it was delegated the Commissioners of the Board of Prison, and which was supported by central staff and inspectorate.Just before the reforms in the prisons in the Britain, the conditions of the prisons could not reflect the difference between a free man and a prisoner. However, as a result of some four prison commanders in which Sir. Edmund Du Cane was the first chairman of the commissioners in charge of the prisons, some great changes were effected. During this time prisons were merely for deterring new offenders from committing offences or convicted criminals from reoffending, a move that which seemed to have deferred from the past ideals. However, the changes were effected following various forces from the political class, the public and the authorities. The prisoners behaviors also contributed greatly to the enactment of the prisons act.In 1877 the prisons were made to be serviced by the State. At the time when Cane Du become the first chairm an of the commissions, the HMP Wormwood Scrubs, one of the very first maximum prisons was built by the prisoners who started with building the RC Chapel of which later became their residential areas and currently still stands in London on the Du Cane Road which in Acton. At the time of designing the prison, he also came up with the design of other three prisons Reading, HMP Wakefield and Wandsworth CITATION Pri16 \l 1033 (Prison Officer, nd)Why Prison Then?The need for prison reforms was very significant. Before 1877, prisons were merely thought as a place where the offenders would be put as they waited their execution, or transportation to far away lands where they were to be punished or where they waited just before they could pay the fines that had been agreed. However, in 1840, transportation of the prisoners came to a halt and death penalty also started to drastically reduce. This made the punishment given to the offenders to be the imprisonment itself. Commenting on the condi tion of the prisons then, Howard John CITATION Placeholder3 \l 1033 (John, 1777) described how the prisons became filthy, corrupt and unhealthy, where the prison bosses exercised their own powers. The reforms that were later made were pegged on this cry and were enacted to tackle the unhealthy and unruly nature of the prisons that existed then.In the same century, prisons were made to places where comfort was never tolerated and diet given to the prisoners was of very low quality and quantity and the prisoners were also denied contact with their families. Years later, it is found that the prisons were but a place where the human rights were infringed including solitary confinement, flogging and treadmill were seriously practiced by the authorities. Some other administrators also practiced uncivilized acts to the prisoners who were found guilty. For instance, some forms of punishments were invented which were greater than what was expected. This implied therefore that prisons were no longer for reforming the offender, but creating in him a beast, so that when they left prisons they would be even worse that initially, and they would be taken to the jail once again. Commenting on this, Du Cane say; a prison that when a man is put, and is he able to leave and then go ahead to commit an offence and he is brought back and he repeats the same again is not a prison, is not a prison. That a prison should make someone either fear to commit crime or he is rehabilitated. CITATION For94 \l 1033 (Fortnightly Review, 1894)The Need for Prisons Health CareIn the 19th century, healthcare in the prisons were extremely low as a result of congestion of the prisoners. This coupled with the fact that some of the local prisons could hardly afford medical care that could meet the needs of the prisoners. The healthcare for prisons was first considered by the then parliament in 1774, but was later effected in 1877 when the prisons act was enacted, and a medical service for the prisons formed. Under the act in which prisons were brought under a central government and its services too, the health inspectorate for prison health was formed and its leadership appointed.One of the greatest healthcare need that was necessary and even now is still necessary in prisons is the mental healthcare which had great impacts in the various prisons and in the Prisons Act of 1877, the mentally ill prisoners had to be secluded from the rest of the normal prisoners CITATION Gos \l 1033 (Gostin, 1877).Wilson has quoted by Miller CITATION Viv14 \l 1033 (Vivien, 2014), in chapter two says that the prisons were not a good place to be. Some of the prisoners opted to committing suicide as a better option than staying in the prisons.The Rate of Indiscipline in the PrisonAs the number of convicts increased, the ratio of warders to prisoners greatly reduced to an extent that the prisoners would find it easy to resist commands they got from the warders. In some instances, some of the prison w arders got killed by the prisoners. As a result of these mistreatment that the warders got from the prisoners, they would complain to the visiting prison inspectors who in turn wrote the reports to higher authorities CITATION The52 \l 1033 (The Hull Advertiser, 1852). What hindered any action was the head of the prisons for example, Fredrick Hill would always dismiss the reports that the inspectors wrote or those which appeared in the newspapers. In many instances Hill did not agree that the reports were credible. In some occasions, warders were found off duty drunk or were under the influence of drugs like opium. These drugs could also leak and reach the prisoners, who would gain the kind of beastly behaviors which made them resist authorities. In one instance, an inspector found a drunk female warder CITATION Ibi48 \l 1033 (Ibid, 1848).In the book: Pain and Retribution in the first chapter, Wilson describes the scenario in which a woman prisoner escapes from the prison with the help of one of the guards in charge. Though they both face the consequences, it can be correctly thought that the warder might have acted in disobedience to the authority of the prison CITATION Viv14 \l 1033 (Vivien, 2014).Administration of PrisonsBefore the enactment of the Prisons Act 1877, the prisons were locally led by governors who were in charge of different counties, and who were concerned with full administration and law enforcement. The governor was also the head of the local governments prison department. In one instance, commenting on the poor administration of the Prisons Howard says that the gaols became a place where prisoners were never let lose, unless they had paid ransom CITATION Pat16 \l 1033 (Patterson, 2016). It did not matter whether one was innocent or not, what mattered to the authorities was the payment of the rans...

Ian Harvey s Passion For Being Your Most Authentic Self

â€Å"Who you are isn’t up for debate. You are who you say you are.† A line Ian Harvey referred to Tuesday night October 27 that I will forever remember. This simple statement reminded me that no matter if you weren’t born into the body, gender, or life that you want to live that doesn’t mean it’s the end, actually its only the beginning. We all have the God given right and privilege to be whomever you choose to be in this world. Whether you’re straight, gay, bisexual, transgender, or however you classify yourself isn’t everyone’s ultimate goal in this lifetime to find the person they were meant to be and be the happiest version of that person possible? Like he said, â€Å"we are who we say we are.† If we don’t define who we are and what we believe for ourselves how can we expect others to treat us that way. Ian’s passion for being your most authentic self reminded me of a quote from the movies The Curious C ase of Benjamin Button that stated, â€Å"I hope you live a life you’re proud of. If you find that you’re not, I hope you have the courage to start all over again.† Ian briefly talked about Caitlyn Jenner and her transition. He said the he supported her show because of the many issues and struggles that it talks about for numerous transgender individuals. Like we have talked about in class the murder rate for transgender humans in ridiculous. Ian said that 21 transgender women have been killed this year alone, most of those women of color. Like we have talked about in class theShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesstorage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designationsRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul SingaporeRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pages. Organization Theory Challenges and Perspectives John McAuley, Joanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . This book is, to my knowledge, the most comprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. What is needed is a text that will give a good idea of the breadth and complexity of this important subject, and this is precisely what McAuley, Duberley and Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of workRead MoreMonsanto: Better Living Through Genetic Engineering96204 Words   |  385 PagesThe case of Cochlearâ„ ¢ – an Australian C A S E O N E high-technology leader Delta Faucet: Global entrepreneurship in an emerging market C A S E T W O DaimlerChrysler: Corporate governance dynamics in a global company C A S E T H R E E Gunns and the greens: Governance issues in Tasmania C A S E F O U R Succeeding in the Sydney indie music industry C A S E F I V E Nucor in 2005 C A S E S I X News Corp in 2005: Consolidating the DirecTV acquisition C A S E S E V E N Shanghai Volkswagen: ImplementingRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesand U.S. superpowers on their periphery and a second round of even more devastating global conflict. The bifurcated international system that resulted from the cold war standoff extended the retreat of globalization, but nurtured the liberation of most of humanity from colonial rule. The collapse of the Soviet empire, and the freeing of its satellite states across Eastern Europe beginning in the late 1980s, marked another major watershed that further problematizes uncritical acceptance of the

Business Ethics Ethical And Ethical Issues - 1360 Words

INTRODUCTION: Business ethics can be defined as the set of moral values and codes or standards of conduct in an organization. According to Wikipedia – â€Å"Business ethics (also corporate ethics) is a form of applied ethics or professional ethics that examines ethical principles and moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environment. It applies to all aspects of business conduct and is relevant to the conduct of individuals and entire organizations.† The particulars and specifics of the codes and standards mentioned may vary from organization to organization. They can differ from one organization to another because of differences in the management structure, cultural opinions and backgrounds, operational management, organizational behavior, strategic orientations and chain of command and operational structures and levels. Business ethics can be both written and unwritten codes of standards that are very vital to the organization in both its current activities and future activities and aspirations. The main framework or the main thread of business ethics is prevalent in all the levels of any organization. Business ethics is mainly about knowing and understanding the difference between the right and wrong actions and decisions. Business ethics instructs or specifies the moral standards and behavior aspects of every individual in the organization and the organization as a whole. It is not just determined and followed by just one pe rson or by just one department inShow MoreRelatedBusiness Ethics : Ethical And Ethical Issues843 Words   |  4 Pages Business ethics is very important. Business ethics examines the moral and ethical issues that arise in a business enviroment. Ethical communication on the other hand allows the business to be honest with the customer. 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Business Informatics Ubers Business Model

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Informaticsfor Ubers Business Model. Answer: Introduction Uber uses affiliated e-commerce model. The company provides information to both cab drivers and the passenger in need of transport services in a given area (Barnes-Vieyra Claycomb, 2001). Uber has a software application that allows users to order for taxi services and pay directly using their linked credit card. The company gets revenues from trip commissions, interests of keeping and listing fee that they charge drivers to start working with them. Customers using the Uber services are able to enjoy several advantages that were not there before it launch. The customers dont have to wait for long times for a cab as it was initially. They have short waiting time enabling convenience. Customers are able to book cab on their Smartphones and be shown where the nearest cab. Customers pay lower prices compared to the ones paid before. They Uber Smartphone application enables calculations of price per kilometer covered. Uber services enable customers track the ride using the Smartphone application. They are able to see the direction the cab is taking and be notified incase the drivers diverts from the map. And lastly, customers enjoy discounts and free rides occasionally. Customers use their smart phones application to see difference prices in changing hours and take advantage of price discounts and free rides when they are available. Using Uber services has disadvantages too. Customers using these services cannot be able to predict price with certainty. Prices keep on changing with changes in traffic. Customers experience surge prices in peak hours. These costs are in most cases higher than the other taxi prices. Customers using Uber services are required to have the Uber application. This limits the flexibility of using the service. It makes it hard for customers to pay for someone else for a ride. Uber uses review and recommendation social shopping model. This enables customers to rate drivers after every ride. Customers give review of the services they have been offered by the company and are seen by other potential customers (Kim, 2013). This helps new customers booking for a ride choose between the drivers based on their rating and reviews. Uber Services are not good to the environment. Uber services increase environmental pollution. Uber drivers dont stay in one point but rather keep on moving around to enhance convenience of customers. These cabs use fuels engines. This leads to release carbon (II) oxide to the environment. Therefore, increasing their movement around the cities means that they will use more fuel hence more emissions to the environment. They increases air pollution in the area they operate leading to degradation of the environment. This is contrary to the other taxi services where the cab stays in one place till it picked by a customer. Competitive Advantage The Uber business is in short distance transport industry. The industry has been dominated by taxi cabs before the launch of Uber in 2009. Uber offers cab services around the cities and its outskirts (Stone, 2015).Users have to choose between the Uber services, taxi and other short distance cheap means like bicycle or public transport. The following are porters five competitive forces facing Uber Company; The first force is Competition in Industry. The short distance industry of travelling around the towns and its outskirts is having a lot of competitors. There are several other forms offering the same transport services in the industry. This means that customer have a wide range to choose from .This indicates that the Uber Company has low power in relation to this force and has to work hard to maintain it service users and providers. The second force is power of suppliers. Suppliers of Uber services are cab drivers who provide services to potential customers. The company uses private drivers who sign in to work with it. There are many private drivers in every city and the company targets them to be recruited and start offering Uber services to customers. In this case, the company has high power because of the many numbers of suppliers who it can use provide Uber services to the customer. Third is the threat for new entrant to the industry. This refers to force as a result of new entrance of companies in the industry. This leads to lowering of the market share. Since the launch of Uber in 2009, there have been several other business launches that operate in the same business model as for Uber service. The cost of entering the industry is not above reach and this makes it possible for new companies to enter becoming effective competitor to Uber INC. Therefore, it can be said that Uber has low power in the industry has new companies can enter the market. Fourth is the power of customers. This refers to potential ability of the Uber service consumers to influence lowering of the prices. It also refers to the cost of a consumer shifting from Uber services to its competitor. It is easy for Uber customers to both drive prices down and shift between service providers. This indicates that Uber holds low power to its customers. Lastly are the threats of substitute products: This refers to other products in the market that can serve the customers the same need. The short distance transport industry has many other means of transports. For instance, customers can opt to use the public transports or ride a bicycle. This shows that Uber faces high treats from substitute products. Uber is executes cost leadership strategy to attain a competitive edge in the industry. Uber started offering the same taxi service to customers at a lower prices to travel the same distance (Porter, 1980) .This has been attractive current and potential customers of Uber services. This strategy helped it enter the market and grow its market share. I dont think Uber created a new market in the industry because the taxi industry has been in existence for years. What Uber did is they came up with a technology that has change the industry. Therefore, Uber can be referred to as disruptive technology and other companies in the industry should adopt the technology in order to remain in business. References Barnes-Vieyra, P. Claycomb, C. (2001). Business-to-business E-commerce: models and managerial decisions. Business Horizons, 44(3), 13-20. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-6813(01)80030-6 Kim, D. (2013). Under what conditions will social commerce business models survive?. Electronic Commerce Research And Applications, 12(2), 69-77. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2012.12.002 Kobayashi, I.(2009) Private Contracting and Business Models of Electronic Commerce. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.479902 Porter, M. (1980). Competitive strategy. New York: Free Press. Stone, B. (2015). Heres How Ubers Co-Founder Is Going to Take on Amazon and eBay. Bloomberg.com. Retrieved 17 October 2016, from https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-04-23/uber-s-co-founder-has-a-new-shopping-app-and-this-is-how-it-works

The Emotional and Social Intelligences of Effective Leadership

Critical Learning Points The article by Ronald E. Riggio and Rebecca J. Reichard (2008) offers an analysis of the social and emotional skills that should be developed by a leader. A number of their ideas appeared to be especially appealing to me.  Since leadership presupposes working with people, the importance of social skills cannot be denied. The classification suggested in the article presupposes singling out social and emotional expressiveness, sensitivity and control.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on The Emotional and Social Intelligences of Effective Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More While the importance of the separate skills has been outlined in the article, it is also implied that all of them are interconnected and interrelated. The complex of these skills should be developed, and the authors of the article suggest that assessment and reflection can help a leader in this process. I t appears to me that controlling one’s emotions is especially important both for the leaders’ images and the success of their managerial activities. At the same time, being emotionally expressive, as the article emphasizes, is necessary for a charismatic leader. It helps one to motivate and inspire employees and facilitates the relationship building process. The effective means of expressing disapproval are of great interest to me. I realize that criticism is necessary both for the business and the employees since a leader should encourage their development. At the same time, I understand that irritability or anger would in most cases be counterproductive and may damage the relationship between myself and an employee as suggested by the authors of the article. Therefore, in the process of reprimanding both the emotional expressiveness and control are needed along with emotional sensitivity as the reaction of the employee needs to be assessed and taken into account.   Apart from that, the article emphasizes the significance of effective listening, which also corresponds to my personal views. The research in the article proves that being emotionally and socially sensitive facilitates the creation of a healthy trust- and respect-based relationship with the employees. Finally, it is noteworthy that social expressiveness and control are important for a leader’s image and, subsequently, career advancement. All of this proves that the development of the mentioned social skills is crucial for me as a leader. Applying the Insights to the Future Career Being most interested in human-oriented leadership, I have been paying particular attention to the part of the text devoted to the development of the leader’s relationships with the followers. I have come to the conclusion that by developing my social skills I will be able to build better relationships with my employees.Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let' s see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In my opinion, the development of social skills in many ways depends on self-improvement, self-reporting, and reflexion. Self-reporting has been suggested by the authors of the article as a way of social skills assessment and their subsequent improvement. I realize that this method may be partially ineffective and should not become the only way of assessment of one’s actions. Still, in my opinion, it facilitates the process of developing a control over one’s emotions and especially their expression, and I intend to utilize it in future. Thought-Provoking Questions 1) I would like to discuss the effective means of expressing disapproval to the employees. 2) The article points out the importance effective listening and the difficulties of operationally defining it (Riggio Reichard, 2008, p. 178). I would like my peers to express their ideas concerning this term and integrate them in a relati vely consistent description. Reference Riggio, R., Reichard, R. (2008). The Emotional and Social Intelligences of Effective Leadership. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 23(2), 169-185. doi:10.1108/02683940810850808 This critical writing on The Emotional and Social Intelligences of Effective Leadership was written and submitted by user Nola West to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Short Responses on Several Books Similarities in Family Values

Short Responses on Several Books Similarities in Family Values The working poor: Invisible in America By David Shipler Introduction America is a developed country but there still exists a group of people called the working poor. Although these people are working, they still languish in poverty. They live between a state of â€Å"poverty† and â€Å"well being†. Their efforts to move from â€Å"poverty bracket† to â€Å"well being bracket† are diminished due to negligence by the government. This book focuses on American working poor and what the government is doing to help the situation.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Short Responses on Several Books Similarities in Family Values specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Summary The author writes about the group of individuals struggling to survive in the US. His focus is on the people who are working but struggling to live and meet their daily needs. He terms them as people who have been left behind. Existenc e of such groups of people at a time when the US is celebrating its prosperity is considered a disgrace. The author carries out several interviews with people who are struggling to meet their basic needs like medical care. He finds out that most of these people are working and some are even engaged in full time jobs. He is not pleased with the kind of life these people are leading despite their hard work. He believes that the government is not doing much to address the issue of the working poor. He adds that the government is not implementing laws that can help the working poor improve their living standards. Although there are laws set up to protect the working poor, the process of implementing them is very poor and this leads to their failure. The kind of leadership in place can not come up with strategies to ensure that the laws are enforced. Therefore, it is very difficult to change the situation. This book also reveals many other facts about the life of the working poor. All th ese facts give an indication of failure of leadership at state as well as national level. This means that the economic prosperity can not be sustained. The author suggests various ways by which the working poor can be helped. He insists that the government and the private sector should work hand in hand with other agents to come up with collective strategies that will improve the living standards of the working poor. In order to help the working poor, the author proposes wage reform strategy that will regulate employers on how they pay their workers. He also says that the wage reform should apply at the bottom as well as the top. It should be able to set the minimum as well as the maximum pay standards for the workers for equality purposes. The issue of excess wealth to some Americans should be considered. Some Americans are paid very high salaries leading to various imbalances and creating a huge gap between the poor and the rich. The book ends by the author appealing for ideologic al debate. He says that unless the ideological debate is encouraged and incorporated in public policies, the situation of the working poor is likely to remain the same. He says that it is time to table the facts about the working poor so that proper steps can be taken to correct the situation. Silence means prolonging the problem but not solving the problem.[1]Advertising Looking for report on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The central theme The main theme featured in this book is poverty. The author examines a group of Americans who are completely left behind despite their hard work. He refers to them as the working poor. Although these groups of people are working, their living standards are still low. Despite their effort and willingness to work hard, it is almost impossible for them to attain their American dream. In case of a financial obstacle, the working poor may not be able survive and this may lead to an irreversible financial downfall. They live up to their means with no funds left for emergency cases. In this book, the author holds various conversations with the working poor. He finds out that the working poor are held in dead end jobs where chances for advancement and improvement are very slim. There are no benefits and opportunities for further development. These are the factors that make the working poor languish in poverty. The author also blames the government systems that are set up to help the working poor. He says that most of these systems are only provided but not implemented. Their effects are not visible at all. Some of the working poor are also resistant to help from the systems. Others are completely unaware that there are such systems in place to help them.[2] The quantitative role played by the US The United States as a cultural entity is not very aware of the factors that contribute to poverty. This means that the US is not so sure of the solut ions that might fully correct this situation. However, there are many ways in which US play a role concerning the invisible working poor. Politically, the government has come up with laws that enforce minimum wage. The only problem is that these laws are not implemented according to the government specifications leading to their failure. In fact the working poor are being charged high bills when it comes to health care and other public services. This raises their expenditures with no increase in income leading to poverty. Although there are many upcoming ways to help the working poor, the author insists that no single way can succeed in correcting this situation. He proposes that the government should work hand in hand with the private sector to ensure that the laws are well implemented. Among the strategies proposed include changing of the present wage structure, fair distribution of public resources and coming up with programs that are more vocational. The perception of the US in the book I think the perception of the US in this book is negative. Although US is considered as a land of opportunities, there still exists a group of people who are working but still live in poverty. These people have been neglected and their welfare is not a priority anymore to America.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Short Responses on Several Books Similarities in Family Values specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is because the laws that have been put in place to help these people are not enforced into actions. The government is not committed to evaluate its law system to make sure that the laws are being obeyed. This shows how the US is less concerned with the working poor. We are told that the working poor are handled like slaves despite the existence of laws that enforce humane working conditions and minimum wage. As much as we expect the working poor people to be treated at low medical costs in hospitals , they are being charged much more money than they can afford. Any emergency treatments, transport and other medical costs are even worsening the situation of the working poor.[3] Lessons that the book holds for US citizens There are very many lessons that this book holds for the US citizens. First, the US citizens need to be very careful when choosing leaders in future. They need to elect leaders who will implement the set laws and make sure that the laws are obeyed. This will reduce poverty among the working poor. The US citizens need to learn that despite being a developed country, there are still groups of people who are languishing in poverty. With this in mind, they can be able to strategize on the factors contributing to this situation and come up with viable solutions that can help correct the situation.[4] How to change the problems addressed in the book From a personal perspective, I would encourage formation of movements and unions that will protect and fight for the righ ts of the working poor. These unions and movements will be able to push for reforms and law implementations that will see the working poor improve. From a perspective of US policy, the government needs to make sure that those laws concerning minimum wage and humane working conditions are enforced and implemented. This is through setting up of law structures and arms that will monitor the implementation process and ensure that everybody is obeying the laws.[5] Conclusion Poverty is an urgent issue in the American society especially among the working poor. These issue need to be addressed by the government in collaboration with other agents for improvement of the living standards of the working poor.Advertising Looking for report on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Reference List Both, Deborah and Barbara. Zang. 2009. The working poor in America. Washington, DC: National academy press. Shipler, David. 2004. The working poor: Invisible in America. New York: Knopf publishers. Footnotes David Shipler, The working poor: Invisible in America (New York: Knopf publishers 2004), 21. Ibid, 23. Ibid, 23. Ibid, 23. Deborah Both and Barbara Zang,The working poor in America (Washington, DC: National academy press 2009), 54.

Commiuncation in business- case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Commiuncation in business- case study - Essay Example The case study content will be highlighted first where the client is described in detail and key terms will be described in detail and these include motivation as well as culture. The overview of the situation will be discussed in detail and the last part will specifically focus on suggestions about recommendations as well as solutions about how a team leader might use these theories to motivate their employees. Terms of reference In my capacity as a human resources consultant, Google Inc has approached me to offer advice about how it can improve its operations with regards to motivation of its employees across cultures. Basically, Google Inc is a multinational public company that specialises computer services and internet search corporation based in California. According to its official website, Google operates one of the biggest internet search engines in the world and it develops a number of internet based services and products. The organisation operates more than one million seve rs in data centers around the world and it has more than 200Â  000 employees worldwide. Against this background, they have approached me to offer advice about how they can improve their operations across cultures given that they operate in different countries with diverse cultures in a bid to ensure that these employees are satisfied with their work. The organisation is primarily concerned with obtaining information about how the leaders can motivate their employees across cultures. The concept of motivation plays a very pivotal role in as far as viability of the organisation is concerned. Employees form the back bone of each organisation given that they are the ones who actually perform all the work. In this given case, the leaders of Google ought to know that there is every need to satisfy the needs of the employees for their own good with regards to growth of the organisation. Motivation in this case is not only limited to financial gains but it extends to include other psycholo gical benefits. These will help create a sense of belonging to the organisation whereby retention of key staff can be possible. In this regard, this client has consulted me with the main aim of ensuring that the company continues to grow since it is their aim. The organisation is also concerned with establishing the impact of culture on its operations. Operating in diverse cultural backgrounds is not an easy feat given that people from different countries have different values that determine the way they behave. These values ought to be taken into consideration the reason why Google has sought advice from an expert in this area. Different people have different values and these ought to be taken into consideration so as to ensure that the organisation achieves its goal of remaining a leading internet service provider globally. Culture also plays a pivotal role in an organisation as it is mainly concerned with establishing the expected standards of operation within the organisation. T he leaders of Google have also approached me to get information about leadership in the organisation as this

Clinical Ethics and Ethical Theories Assignment

Clinical Ethics and Ethical Theories - Assignment Example It has three components, namely (a) the key clientele which are elder residents (b) its contribution which is health care, and (c ) distinction which is serving the unique or distinct needs of residents. Needless to say, a mission statement need to be internalized by all health providers in the organization. Unfortunately, however, as in the case with many organizations even in other professional fields, mission statements are emblazoned in marble or metal print outside or inside edifices of organizations, but hardly internalized. Thus, in findings of professional accreditation by duly-authorized accrediting agencies, mission statements are not even in the conscious awareness of company people, being more aware of functions, not a mission. Correctly, the mission forms the standards of behaviour that tell us how human beings ought to act in the many situations in which they find themselves-as friends, parents, children, citizens, businesspeople, teachers, professionals, and so on.â₠¬ (Santa Clara University). In Revera Living, awareness of a formal mission statement which reflects the ethical principles of the organization’s pioneering founders is a reality. ... Integrity pervades the organization in all kinds of interactions for health care from the administrative to the clinical interrelationships. Compassion springs from the Christian culture of the organization wherein the least is regarded with no less care and attention. Excellence refers to the quality of services and is carried through from top administrators at the meso level to the lower echelon health providers at the micro level. On a macro basis, the excellence exuded by Revera Living is aptly demonstrated by the respect given by the state and the community for the residential organization, thereby ensuring it continued public and community support. Taken together, the core values as a framework give evidence of balance and harmony in all the domains of performance. Pointedly asked â€Å"performance of what, and to what ends? Such a question is well addressed in the case of the organization concerned (Onyebuchi, 2011). . Today, the successful experience and expansion of Revera Living to be today since 1996 a leader in Canada and places in the United States bear out the proof of an ethical framework translated into practical social reality. In truth, an ethical framework has turned into an ethical system based on feelings, religion, law, accepted social practice, or science.† (Santa Clara University). The Residents Council and the Family Council at Revera Living further demonstrate that the core of the organization, namely the resident elders and their families equally concretize ethical practice. The Residents’ Council empowers residents along autonomy to determine health care and living conditions. Supporting this internal council is the Family Council in

Children after the separation Essay Example for Free

Children after the separation Essay Further his studies of the effects of war on children who were separated from their mothers at an early age was considered to be research done in a crisis situation. Critics argue under these circumstances it would be impossible to conclude how the same children would have reacted out of a war time environment. It was also argued that Bowlby failed to take account in his studies what had happened to the children after the separation. Bowlby was influenced greatly by James Robertsons research on the effects of separation on mother and child through hospitalisation. Robertsons studied children between six months and three years of age who were separated from their mothers due to hospitalisation. Robertson claimed to have established a sequence of behaviour that all children would pass through. This sequence consisted of distress, were children behaved in a disturbed manner. Despair whereby the child seems to lose hope of finding there lost parent. Lastly, the child display detachment type behaviour, refusing anyone to become involved with them. Robertson concluded that separation from their mother was harmful. In 1971 Klein and Stern studied why parents abuse their children. They found evidence in their studies that a high percentage of abused children had been born prematurely. Because these children were put into an incubator and separated from their parents an attachment was unable to develop, resulting in later abuse toward the children. The study concluded that there is a crucial period when attachments not formed adequately would not be able to be re-formed. This is of considerable importance to social work in relation to the modern day understanding of child abuse as further research has shown that many abusers were once abused themselves. Klaus Kennell (1976) two paediatricians put forward the theory that they too believed there was a critical period when attachment took place, this was immediately after birth, when the mother was physiologically pre-disposed to bond with her infant. It was during this time that the strength of the attachment was determined.  The American National Center for Clinical Programs supports Bowlbys notion of motherlove. They propose that a parent who realises they are going to have a long-term relationship with their child will put more into the caregiving and interaction, as opposed to a substitute care giver who may not be so motivated as they see many children come and go and therefore do not build up a caring relationship with children. This idea has implications for fostering as a consequence may be lack of care or favouritism towards other children in their care. John Elisabeth Newson (1986) point out that one function of a parent is to act as a memory store for the children to play back and compare experiences. Children in a care setting without a key adult with whom they have a close relationship with will be unable to build upon past experiences and this may have an impact on their emotional development.  Many studies have looked at whether attachment is instinctive, as Bowlby had believed. Konrad Lorenz (1935) agreed that attachment was instinctive when he put forward his imprinting theory. His observations revealed that newly hatched goslings follow the first thing they saw, this could be a human or other object and there was a brief critical period early in the goslings life when this would occur and was found to be irreversible. Lorenzs believed this was biological, a factor of evolution that ensures the young of all species are able to attach to someone for survival, and was relevant to the way humans form attachments in relation to it being an instinctive behaviour. Critics of his theory (Sluckin 1961 and Bateson 1964) have shown that if a young bird is kept isolated it stays unimprinted beyond Lorenzs critical period and imprinting can take place after the critical period has passed. This casts doubt on Lorenzs claim that imprinting processes are instinctive. Many researchers now believe that imprinting is actually a process of rapid learning (MacFarlane 1975) In contrast to the theory that attachment is instinctive Colin Turnbull and Margaret Mead when studying families in various African tribes concluded that they saw no signs of instinctive love or affection between parents and children. It was quite normal for many children to be left to fend for themselves; many were even killed as they were thought of as burdens by their parents. The researchers came to believe attachment to be a learnt process that we internalise from observing our own mothers behaviour, and if not learnt properly for example through illness or as in the tribes case through a different set of family norms and lifestyles, then no bonding or emotional attachment can occur. In New York in 1943 Goldfarb conducted a study of orphans. Two groups of fifteen orphans were matched for age, sex and social background of their parents. The orphans of group A had been fostered before nine months old. The orphans in group B had spent at least their first three years in an orphanage before they were fostered. Goldfarb visited each child at ages three, six, eight and twelve years and measured their development with regard to intelligence, language skills, social maturity and their ability to form relationships. Goldfarb found that every child in group A did better than those in group B leading to the conclusion that a normal family home is crucial to emotional and cognitive development. Critics of this study argue that the children may not have had the same intelligence to begin with and that the children in Group B did not have the stimulation of a family for as long a period as those children in Group A. Harlow Zimmerman conducted studies on a group of rhesus monkeys. Their studies consisted of isolating young monkeys for three months, six months or twelve months. The researchers concluded that the behaviour of the monkeys who had been isolated for twelve months was proportionately worse than those who had been isolated for three months. The behaviour of all the monkeys who had suffered isolation was seen to be disturbed. The same researchers also placed monkeys in a cage with surrogate mothers, a doll made of wire with a feeding bottle and a doll made of wood and towelling without a feeding bottle. The monkeys spent equal amounts of time with each surrogate mother. The studies showed that the monkeys preferred to cling to the towelling doll even if it meant they did not have a feeding bottle. This led the researchers to believe that warm contact is of critical importance as a need for the monkeys and leads to affectionate responses. Critics of both these studies question the relevance of animal studies to human behaviour. Bowlbys influential theory managed to link together the evolutionary focus of adaptation with the psychodynamic and behavioural importance of social relationships during infancy and childhood. (Hollin 95)  A measure of its influence can be gained from the action of the World Health Organisation in 1955 stating that Permanent damage can be done to the emotional health of babies and children when put into nurseries or sent to child-minders. The WHO report had many consequences and resulted in lots of practices regarding child care and childrens needs being changed. Women were encouraged to stay at home and were made to feel guilty and bad mothers if the went out to work. (Which suited the government at the time, as they needed these vacated jobs for men) Family Allowance payments were also introduced as a further inducement to keep women from going out to work  Maternity wards encouraged siblings to stay with their mother, whilst childrens wards encouraged mothers to stay.  A main influence on social work practice was the idea that a bad home is better that the best institution which resulted in less fostering and removal of children from poor if not dangerous situations at home. Bowlbys findings were influential but controversial and became the starting point for further studies. Some studies began to disagree with Bowlby, Fraiberg in 1974 argued that it was possible to strengthen an attachment; Parents of blind children who did not experience eye contact with their infant felt rejected and consequently were unable to develop a strong attachment to their children. When taught to interpret their childs hand movements, it was found the bond could be strengthened. Interaction was thought to be the important element in developing the attachment.

The Marx Brothers :: Research Papers

The Marx Brothers In his book entitled Creating Minds, Howard Gardner (1993) engaged in a thorough study of creativity. He did this by studying the lives of exceptional creators in seven different domains in search of trends that could be readily identified and, perhaps, even help to paint a clearer picture of what the ingredients for creativity are. After examining these creators' lives he came to some conclusions based on the trends he identified and formed a model of creativity. In order to test both his model and his findings, it is necessary to extend the search (and study) beyond his initial seven great creators. In doing this it becomes possible to refute or add credence to his conclusions. This extension also allows for further questions to be asked. During the reading of Creating Minds I happened upon an interesting thought: Could Gardner's model for creative individuals be applied to the study of a creative group? Furthermore, would a group show similar trends in their creative development? If I was going to attempt to answer this question I decided I would have to qualify what a creative group was. I defined a creative group as a group of individuals producing a single creative work. The creativity of this work must be a result of the combination of the individuals' strengths being pooled (as equally as possible) to produce an output that could not have been produced by any of the individuals on their own. The group would be analogous to Gardner's individual creator, and the group's combination of mental talents would parallel the individual creator's personal array of intellectual strengths. Having defined what a creative group was, it became necessary to ask perhaps an even more important question: Could such a group exist? If so, could an example be found? The answer to both questions, I decided, was yes. But who? My ponderings on this subject invariably brought me to the Marx Brothers, kings of comedy. My Method In his study Gardner had followed the lives of his chosen creators and examined the progression of their works as a function of the creator and his or her surroundings. It would be difficult to treat the progression of a group in precisely the same manner. If I chose to treat the group as a single unit and reported on its progress and surroundings, the workings of its component creators could be lost.

How illiteracy influences people’s life Essay

In the movie, â€Å"The Reader,† Kate Winslet played the role of Hanna Schmitz, an illiterate train conductor who was sent to jail without even understanding what she has done wrong. When Hanna said the line, â€Å"I would rather listen to you†¦ ,† I was moved because these few words allowed me to empathize with people who are illiterate. It gave me a glimpse of the feelings of helplessness and frustration they must encounter in their everyday life. The movie also showed me how illiteracy can affect a person’s life. Because of the fact that they do not have access to the information the rest of the world has, they end up being enslaved by the opinions of the literate. It is impossible for them to construct opinions as they do lack the details needed to create one. At the same time, they are forced to be dependent on people who can provide them with this information. They are also under the mercy of people who have knowledge in the written law. The movie also showed me how humbling it must be not to be able to read or write. At the start of the movie, she had an affair with a man half her age. And, whenever the man would read for her, her seniority faded away because of the way she would act like a child waiting for her father to read her a bed time story. Hanna’s story shows how important being literate is. It plays an important role in a person’s life as it can change his or her destiny. In this essay, I would like to talk about the changes and effects of literacy to a person’s mind and life. I would like to show how literacy can give intellect and power to a person by going through the works of Staple, Douglass and Kozel which they created in order to emphasize the importance of literacy in the democratic world. Brent Staple, an author and editorial writer for the New York Times, recounted the way his grandfather changed his life by learning how to read. In one of his articles, he wrote: Name of Author – 2- â€Å"Nevertheless, the ability to read and write gave them a vantage point on their circumstances and protected them from swindlers who regularly stripped illiterate people of land and other assets. † (p. 1) Staple’s grandfather was able to gain his independence by learning how to read and write. He also learned how to distinguish what is good from what is bad, what can benefit him and what can ruin his life. He also found himself with the power to think and give his opinion as he now has a better grasp of the issues around him. Armed with the knowledge he was able to acquire from reading, he found the power to make his own decisions and fight for his rights. He was able to free himself from the prison of other people’s thoughts. Another writer, Frederick Douglass, who is famous for his line: â€Å"I would unite with anybody to do right and with nobody to do wrong,† wrote an article that is parallel to Staple’s article in the way that he talked about the way literacy influenced his life and his thinking. Douglass’ story, however, is quite different from that of Staple’s grandfather. In his story, he recounted that he learned how to read in secret with the fear of being beaten. Being born a slave, Douglass was passed on from one owner to another. The wife of one his owners taught him the alphabet even though she knew that there was a law against teaching slaves how to read. Her husband obviously disapproved about this when he found out. He believed that a slave who gains literacy will be unsatisfied with his condition and yearn for freedom. Even with the threat of being caught and beaten up, Douglass learned how to read with the help of the white children in the neighborhood. He also did his best to observe the way the order white men would write. His perspective changed after he has attained literacy. Douglas realized that black men are not brutes or savages who should be limited to working as a slave, Name of Author – 3 – they have the right to be educated and respected. As his master predicted, he yearned for the freedom that the white people have. As he continues to learn how to read and write, Douglass’ attitude to life is gradually transformed by literacy. Douglass mentions in the article: â€Å"I read them over and over again with unabated interest. They give tongue to interesting thought of my own soul†¦. The moral which I gained from the dialogue was the power of truth over the conscience of even a slaveholder. † (p. 45) By learning how to read and write, Douglass learned not only the meaning of words and sentences, but the power of knowledge. He slowly became aware of his rights as a human being and how unfairly the black people have been treated. He also realized that illiteracy is the reason why the white people were able to enslave his race for so long. Not only did illiteracy keep them unaware of their rights, it also made them unable to think for themselves, to distinguish from right and wrong, what is harmful and what is not. It also stopped them from acquiring the knowledge that they need to pursue their freedom. Hence, they were influenced by the white people to believe that their only purpose in life was to work for them. With his newfound knowledge, he was able to change his life and gain his freedom. At the same time, having appreciated the value of literacy, he passed on the knowledge to other slaves, giving them the opportunity to change their own lives. In Kozol’s article, he focuses on how illiteracy can threaten a person’s way of life and thinking. He believes that one will never really have ability to protect himself if he is illiterate because he is always unaware of what’s going on. He can’t read the strange signs on the street that warns him of danger or tells him that he is breaking the law. Neither can he read legal documents, making him vulnerable to being swindled. He is also unaware of his rights. Kozol Name of Author – 4 – says, â€Å" They do not know what rights they have, what deadlines and requirements they face, what option they might choose to exercise. They are half-citizens. Their right exist I print but not in fact. † (52-53) They cannot protect their own rights since they don’t know what their rights are. Neither can they apply their rights or make a choice because they do not know what their options are. The same points were tackled by Douglas in his article when he said that black people were treated like slaves because they were not literate and were not given the chance to know that they do not have to limit themselves to such a status. They just thought that would go through this nightmare for the rest of their lives because no one could save them. What they didn’t know was they could’ve saved themselves had they known that they had rights to fight for. If they had been literate, they would have realized that they are not slaves and they have right to be educated and respected because they are humans. Illiteracy, however, has exiled them to such an nightmarish existence where their destiny is dictated by their masters. Now literacy still plays the most important role in society. If you are not able to read and write, it would be really hard for you to live. You wouldn’t know how to deal with a lot of things. You wouldn’t know what is right or wrong, what would benefit you and what would harm you. Because of the numerous things that you do not know, your lack of knowledge can bring you harm. At the same time, your lack of knowledge, stops you from having your own beliefs or opinions. And, since you have know access to the options you can choose from, you end up believing that there are none and the only thing you can do is follow what the other people are doing or to have the same opinion as they do. Without literacy, all the people can do is follow and obey, allowing other people to take charge of their own lives. If a country is filled with illiterate people then democracy is useless since the mindless majority can be controlled by the Name of Author – 5- government and the votes of those who are literate and have their own minds can be surpassed by those who aren’t. If that is the case, then the government can become a dictator in the guise of democracy. Hence, it is safe to say that without the presence of literacy, there is no knowledge. Without knowledge, there are no choices. And, without knowledge, there is no freedom which is the very essence of democracy.

How Radioactive Is Fiesta Ware

Old Fiesta dinnerware was made using radioactive glazes. While the red pottery is noted for its especially high radioactivity, other colors emit radiation. Also, other pottery from the era was glazed using similar recipes, so just about any pottery from the early to mid 20th century  may be radioactive. The dishes are highly collectible, both because of their vivid colors (and because the radioactivity is cool.) But is it really safe to eat off these dishes or are they best thought of as decorative pieces to be admired from afar?  Heres a look at just how radioactive the dishes are today and the risks of using them for serving food. Whats In Fiesta Thats Radioactive? Some of the glazes used in Fiesta Ware contain uranium oxide. Although several colors of glazes contain the ingredient, the red dinnerware is best known for its radioactivity. The uranium emits alpha particles and neutrons. Although the alpha particles dont have much penetrating power, the uranium oxide could leach from the dinnerware, particularly if a dish was cracked (which also would release toxic lead) or the food was highly acidic (like spaghetti sauce). The half-life of uranium-238 is 4.5 billion years, so you can rest assured pretty much all of the original uranium oxide remains in the dishes. Uranium decays into thorium-234, which emits beta and gamma radiation. The thorium isotope has a half-life of 24.1 days. Continuing the decay scheme, the dishes would be expected to contain some protactinium-234, which emits beta and gamma radiation, and uranium-234, which emits alpha and gamma radiation. Just How Radioactive Is Fiesta Ware? There is no evidence that the people who made these dishes suffered any ill effects from exposure to the glazes, so you probably dont have a lot to worry about by just being around the dishes. That being said, scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory who measured radiation from the dishes  found that a standard 7 radioactive red plate (not its official Fiesta name) will expose you to gamma radiation if youre in the same room as the plate, beta radiation if you touch the plate, and alpha radiation if you eat acidic foods off the plate. The exact radioactivity is difficult to measure since so many factors play into your exposure, but youre looking at 3-10 mR/hr. The estimated daily human limit rate is only 2 mR/hr. In case youve wondered just how much uranium that is, researchers estimate a single red plate contains approximately 4.5 grams of uranium or 20% uranium, by weight. If you eat off the radioactive dinnerware  daily, you would be looking at ingesting around  0.21 gram s of uranium per year. Using a red ceramic teacup daily would give you an estimated  annual radiation dose of 400 mrem to your lips and 1200 mrem to the fingers, not counting the radiation from ingesting uranium. Basically, youre not doing yourself any favors eating off the dishes and you certainly dont want to sleep with one under your pillow. Ingestion of uranium could increase the risk of tumors or cancer, particularly in the gastrointestinal tract. However, Fiesta and other dishes are a lot less radioactive than many other items produced during the same era. Which Fiesta Ware Is Radioactive? Fiesta commenced commercial sales of colored dinnerware in 1936.  Most colored  ceramics made prior to World War II, including Fiesta Ware, contained uranium oxide. In 1943, manufacturers stopped using the ingredient because the uranium was used for weapons.  Homer Laughlin, the maker of Fiesta, resumed using the  red glaze in the 1950s, using depleted uranium. The use of depleted uranium oxide ceased in 1972. Fiesta Ware manufactured after this date is not radioactive. Fiesta dinnerware made from 1936-1972 may be radioactive. You can buy modern Fiesta ceramic dishes in just about any color of the rainbow, though the modern colors wont match the old colors. None of the dishes contain lead or uranium. None of the modern dishes are radioactive. Sources Buckley et al. Environmental Assessment of Consumer Products Containing Radioactive Material. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. NUREG/CR-1775. 1980. Landa, E. and Councell, T. Leaching of Uranium from Glass and Ceramic Foodware and Decorative Items. Health Physics 63 (3): 343-348; 1992. National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurement.  Ã‚  Radiation Exposure of the  U.S.  Population from Consumer Products and Miscellaneous Sources.  Ã‚  NCRP Report N0. 95. 1987. Nuclear Regulatory Commission.  Ã‚  Systematic Radiological Assessment of Exemptions for Source and Byproduct Materials. NUREG 1717. June 2001 Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Fiesta Ware (ca. the 1930s). Retrieved April 23, 2014. Piesch, E, Burgkhardt, B, and Acton, R. Dose Rate Measurements in the Beta-Photon Radiation Field from UO2 Pellets and Glazed Ceramics Containing Uranium. Radiation Protection Dosimetry 14 (2): 109-112; 1986. Vaughn Aubuchon (2006).  Geiger Counter Comparison - Popular Models.  Retrieved April 23, 2014.